Science
How does geothermal energy work?
Geothermal energy works by tapping the heat stored inside the Earth. Wells bring up hot water or steam from deep underground, which spins turbines to make electricity or heats buildings directly — a clean, always-available energy source.
See it in motion.
Watch a 2-minute animated lesson that shows exactly how geothermal energy works.
Step by step
- 1It uses natural heat from deep inside the Earth.
- 2Wells bring hot water or steam to the surface.
- 3The steam spins turbines to generate electricity.
- 4It's renewable and available day and night.
Frequently asked questions
- How does geothermal energy work?
- It taps underground heat — hot water or steam spins turbines for electricity or warms buildings directly.
- Is geothermal energy renewable?
- Yes — the Earth's heat is effectively limitless on human timescales and continuously replenished.
- Where does geothermal energy work best?
- In volcanically active regions where heat is close to the surface, though it can be used more widely too.