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Science

What is Static electricity?

Static electricity is a buildup of electric charge on a surface, created when materials rub together and transfer tiny particles called electrons. It's why a balloon sticks to your hair and why you sometimes feel a small shock touching a doorknob.

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Watch a 2-minute lesson with voice + animation that explains static electricity.
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Key things to understand

  • 1It's an imbalance of electric charge on a surface.
  • 2Rubbing materials transfers electrons between them.
  • 3The charge stays put (static) until it discharges.
  • 4It causes clinging, sparks, and small shocks.

Frequently asked questions

What causes static electricity?
Rubbing materials together transfers electrons, leaving a buildup of electric charge on a surface.
Why do you get shocked touching a doorknob?
Built-up static charge on you suddenly discharges to the metal, which you feel as a tiny shock.
Why does a balloon stick to hair?
Rubbing charges the balloon, and the opposite charges attract, making it cling.

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